Which of the following is commonly considered a division of pharmacology?

• A. Immunopharmacology
• B. Astropharmacology
• C. Kinesiology
• D. Neurology

Answer: (A)

Pharmacology includes subspecialties that focus on how drugs affect specific body systems. Immunopharmacology specifically investigates how drugs interact with the immune system, including immunomodulators, immunosuppressants, vaccines, and antibody-based therapies. Because of that focused area, it is commonly listed as a division within pharmacology. The other options don’t fit as standard pharmacology divisions: astropharmacology isn’t an established field; kinesiology studies movement rather than drug actions; neurology is a medical specialty dealing with nervous system disorders, though there is a related area called neuropharmacology that studies drug effects on the nervous system rather than a broad division of pharmacology.